campbell



ALLEN '& CAMPBELL:

Car Heater, a nd Ventilator Patented Nov. I 5, 1867.

N-PEYEB. PHOTO-UTNOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

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O. F. ALLEN AND L. W. CAMPBELL, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO THEMSELVES, A. 'l. HALL, AND A. I. Ah'lBLER.

Letters Patent No. 70,495, dated November 5, 1867.

HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS FOR RAILWAY CARS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, C. F. ALLEN and L. W. CAMPBELL, both of Aurora, in the county of Kane, and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Heating and Ventilating Apparatus, and hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which 7 Figure 1 is an elevation of one side of the improved heating and ventilating apparatus.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section taken vertically through the same. T

Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the fire-pot.

Figure 4 is a sectional view of an arrangement for summer use when the heater is removed.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to a new and improved apparatus which is designed for supplying railroad coaches with warm air during the winter season, and cool air during the-summer season, and which will purify the air, and force it in considerable quantities in the coaches while they are in motion.

The nature of our invention consists in trapping air within boxes or hoods arranged above the roof of a coach, and conducting this air into the coach through conduits and purifying-chambers, and also through a heating apparatus, all of which are so arranged and constructed thata perfect system of.vcntilation is secured throughout the coach, as will be hereinafter described. It also consistsfin providing means whereby each passenger riding in a railroad coach can supply himself with warm or cool air, in such quantities as' he may require, without inconvenience to his fellow-passengers, as will be hereinafter described. It also consists in the employment, in conjunction with conduits which conduct air forcibly into 'a railroad coach, of a heatingapparatus, which is so constructed and combined with said air-conduits that the fire-chamber is supplied with air in such quantities as will admit of the economical use of soft coal, as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand our invention, we will describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents a box or bonnet of any suitable capacity, which, in practice, is located above the roof of a railroadcoach, and arranged with its open ends in a direction with the length of the coach. 'This bonnet A is provided at each end witha swinging door, B, which is pivoted so that when the car is moving in one direction the force of the air will open it inwardly, and when the car is moving in an opposite direction the force of air will close. it. Both doors B B open inwardly, so that, in whichever direction the car may be moving, one door will be open and the other closed. This bonnet thus forms a trap for collecting air to be conducted into the coach. A vertical pipe or conduit, 0, communicates with the bonnet A, and passes down, thrgngh the roof of the coach, to the floor thereof, upon which it rests. The lower portion of this conduit O is divided by a central partition, g, so as to form a vertical passage, Q, leading into a curved descending pipe, L, which communicates with a water-chamber, M, beneath the heater, as shown in the drawings. The lower end of the said central division, g extends nearly to the closed bottom of the conduit 0, into a waterchamber E; and just above this chamber there is an opening, D, through the division 9, which is covered with wire gauze, through which latter the air passes freely into the ascending subdivision Q, and by which this air is deprived of sparks, cinders, and other floating substances. The water-chamber E is covercdby a grating, G, which allows the sparks and cinders to fall into the water, but prevents the water from being thrown up out of its place. The air is forced through the descending pipe L and a chamber, M, which forms the base of the heating apparatus, and which contains water for arresting any cinders or dust which may have escaped throughthe wire-gauze opening D, as shown in figs. 1 and 2.

In the conduit pipe Q, just above the exit from this pipe into the pipe L, there is a register, M, by means of which cold air can be immediately introduced into the car whenever the temperature is raised too high by the whole of the air passing through the heater.

The heating apparatus, which is used during the winter season for warming the air in its passage into the coach, is enclosed by a casing or jacket, 0, which forms an annular chamber, 0, communicating its lower end with the space above the water in the chamber M. This chamber 0 has an outlet at its upper end, through which the warm air is allowed to escape directly into the coach by means of a regulator or register, P, shown in fig. 2. Another outlet is made through the casing 0, near its upper end, through which air is allowed to escape into a conduit, R, leading beneath the seats of the coach. V is the fire-pot, Y the combustion-chamber, Z the smoke pipe, and V the ash-pit. The fire-pot W is constructed with vertical passages 11 through it for supplying air from the ash-pit to the bed of coal, and also with transverse passages 0 through it, near its upper end, for supplying air from the annular chamber 0 to the combustion-chamber Y. The fire-chamber and combustion-chambenare completely separated from the air-chamber O, as shown in fig. 2, so that neither smoke nor gas can escape into this latter chamber.

The conduit 13 is designed to extend along the floor of the coach, from one end to thcother thereof, beneath the seats; and at each seat a register, X, is applied for the purpose of affording each passenger the means of supplying himself with air in proper quantity to suit his own convenience.

The heating apparatus is designed for burning soft bituminous coal; and, for this reason, we provide for forcing air into the combustion-chamber Y from the fresh-air chamber 0, thereby supplying the fire with oxygen in large quantities, and promoting combustion.

The chambers E and M, which contain water, should be provided with openings for the removal of impure Water, and the supply of fresh water whenever such change is required.

For the purpose of supplying fresh air in summer, the heating apparatus is removed, and the pipes L and R connected to a water-chamber, E, arranged beneath the floorof the coach, as indicated in fig. 4.

It is contemplated by ourinvention to supply air to the inside of coaches inmotion in such quantities as will create outward currents fron1 the windows, doors, or other openings, and thus carry off all impure air, and

cfiect a thorough ventilation.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the grating G and sieve D with the bonnet A, partitioned pipe 0 Q g, pipe L, waterchamber E or M, and register pipe R x, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the chamber E, chamber M, warming apparatus, as described, and register pipe R a, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

3. The construction of the warming apparatus for a car or coach, in the manner substantially as described, and arranging the ventilator in such relation thereto that a portion of the air forced into the ventilating pipes will be employed for promoting combustion, While the other or greater portion is heated and distributed in the car, all substantially as described.

7 4. The register F, applied to the ascending conduit Q, above the water-chamber E, substantially as described.

C. F. ALLEN, L. W. CAMPBELL.

Witnesses:

T. B. Rica, W. G. Anunnn. 

